Hopeful News for Caribbean Reefs? Low Oxygen May Be More Deadly for Staghorn Corals than High Temperatures
Fisheries and Marine Conservation
In 2016, Panama’s marine protected areas expanded to include 13.5 percent of the nation’s territorial waters. The MPAs are a direct result of the Smithsonian’s interest in the biological diversity and ecological importance of offshore marine ecosystems. Smithsonian research also provided the scientific basis for a fisheries management plan for Coiba National Park in the Pacific and a traffic separation scheme to reduce the likelihood of collisions between humpback whales and ships in the Gulf of Panama.